Kwindawo yokufudumala kunye nobuchwepheshe bokupholisa, iimpompo zokushisa ziye zavela njengesisombululo esisebenza kakuhle kunye nesingqongileyo. Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zokuhlala, zorhwebo, kunye nezoshishino ukubonelela ngemisebenzi yokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa. Ukuqonda ngokwenene ixabiso kunye nokusebenza kweempompo zokushisa, kubalulekile ukukhangela kwimigaqo yabo yokusebenza kunye nombono we-Coefficient of Performance (COP).
Imigaqo yokuSebenza yeeMpompa zoBushushu
Ingcamango esisiseko
Impompo yobushushu sisixhobo esihambisa ubushushu ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Ngokungafaniyo neenkqubo zokufudumeza eziqhelekileyo ezivelisa ubushushu ngokuvutha okanye ukuxhathisa kombane, iimpompo zokufudumala zihambisa ubushushu obukhoyo ukusuka kwindawo epholileyo ukuya kwindawo efudumeleyo. Le nkqubo ifana nendlela ifriji esebenza ngayo, kodwa ngokuphambene. Isikhenkcisi sikhupha ubushushu obungaphakathi kwaye bubukhuphele kwindawo eyingqongileyo, ngelixa impompo yobushushu ikhupha ubushushu kwindawo engaphandle kwaye ibukhuphele ngaphakathi.
Umjikelo weFriji
Ukusebenza kwempompo yobushushu kusekelwe kumjikelo wefriji, obandakanya izinto ezine eziphambili: i-evaporator, i-compressor, i-condenser, kunye nevalve yokwandisa. Nantsi inyathelo ngenyathelo inkcazo yendlela la macandelo asebenza ngayo kunye:
- Umphunga: Inkqubo iqala nge-evaporator, ebekwe kwindawo epholileyo (umzekelo, ngaphandle kwendlu). Isikhenkcisi, into eneqondo eliphantsi lokubila, ifunxa ubushushu obuvela kumoya oyingqongileyo okanye emhlabeni. Njengoko ifunxa ubushushu, ifriji iyatshintsha ukusuka kulwelo ukuya kwirhasi. Olu tshintsho lwesigaba lubalulekile kuba luvumela isikhenkcisi ukuba sithwale ubushushu obuninzi.
- Isicompressor: Isibandisi segesi emva koko sihamba siye kwicompressor. Icompressor inyusa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu befriji ngokuyicinezela. Eli nyathelo libalulekile kuba linyusa ubushushu befriji ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu kunobushushu obufunekayo bangaphakathi. Uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu befriji ngoku sele bukulungele ukukhulula ubushushu bayo.
- Icondenser: Inyathelo elilandelayo libandakanya i-condenser, ebekwe kwindawo efudumeleyo (umzekelo, ngaphakathi kwendlu). Apha, ifriji eshushu, i-high-pressure friji ikhupha ukushisa kwayo emoyeni ojikelezayo okanye emanzini. Njengoko isikhenkcezisi sikhupha ubushushu, siyaphola size sitshintshe umva ukusuka kwirhasi ukuya kulwelo. Olu tshintsho lwesigaba lukhupha inani elikhulu lobushushu, elisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza indawo yangaphakathi.
- Ukwandiswa kweValve: Ekugqibeleni, i-refrigerant yamanzi idlula kwi-valve yokwandisa, eyanciphisa uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu. Eli nyathelo lilungiselela ifriji ukufunxa ubushushu kwakhona kwi-evaporator, kwaye umjikelo uyaphinda.
I-Coefficient of Performance (COP)
Ingcaciso
I-Coefficient of Performance (COP) ngumlinganiselo wempumelelo yempompo yokushisa. Ichazwa njengomlinganiselo wobushushu obunikezelweyo (okanye obususiweyo) kwisixa samandla ombane asetyenzisiweyo. Ngamagama alula, isixelela ukuba bungakanani ubushushu obunokuveliswa yimpompo yobushushu kuyo yonke iyunithi yombane eyisebenzisayo.
Ngokwezibalo, i-COP ichazwa ngolu hlobo:
COP=Amandla oMbane aSetyenzisiweyo (W) Ubushushu obuNikelwe (Q)
Xa ipompo yokushisa ine-COP (Coefficient of Performance) ye-5.0, inokunciphisa kakhulu amatyala ombane xa kuthelekiswa nokufudumeza kombane kwendabuko. Nalu uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha nokubala:
Uthelekiso lokuSebenza kwamandla
Izifudumezi zombane zemveli zineCOP ye-1.0, oku kuthetha ukuba kuvelisa iyunithi e-1 yobushushu nge-1 kWh nganye yombane osetyenzisiweyo. Ngokuchaseneyo, impompo yobushushu eneCOP ye-5.0 ivelisa iiyunithi ezi-5 zobushushu nge-1 kWh nganye yombane osetyenzisiweyo, iyenza isebenze kakhulu kunobushushu bombane besintu.
Ukubalwa kweeNdleko zoMbane
Kucingelwa imfuneko yokuvelisa iiyunithi ezili-100 zobushushu:
- Ukufudumeza koMbane ngokweMveli: Ifuna i-100 kWh yombane.
- Impompo yobushushu eneCOP ye-5.0: Ifuna kuphela i-20 kWh yombane (i-100 leeyunithi zobushushu ÷ 5.0).
Ukuba ixabiso lombane yi-0.5€ nge-kWh nganye:
- Ukufudumeza koMbane ngokweMveli: Iindleko zombane yi-50 € (100 kWh × 0.5 € / kWh).
- Impompo yobushushu eneCOP ye-5.0: Iindleko zombane yi-10 € (20 kWh × 0.5 € / kWh).
Umlinganiselo wogcino
Umpompo wokushisa unokugcina i-80% kwiintlawulo zombane xa kuthelekiswa nokufudumeza kombane kwendabuko ((50 - 10) ÷ 50 = 80%).
Umzekelo Oluncedo
Ukusetyenziswa okusebenzayo, okufana nonikezelo lwamanzi ashushu asekhaya, cinga ukuba iilitha ezingama-200 zamanzi kufuneka zifudunyezwe ukusuka kwi-15°C ukuya kuma-55°C yonke imihla:
- Ukufudumeza koMbane ngokweMveli: Isebenzisa malunga ne-38.77 kWh yombane (kucingelwa ukuba i-thermal enempumelelo eyi-90%).
- Impompo yobushushu eneCOP ye-5.0: Isebenzisa malunga ne-7.75 kWh yombane (38.77 kWh ÷ 5.0).
Ngexabiso lombane le-0.5€ nge-kWh nganye:
- Ukufudumeza koMbane ngokweMveli: Iindleko zombane zansuku zonke zimalunga ne-19.39 € (38.77 kWh × 0.5 € / kWh).
- Impompo yobushushu eneCOP ye-5.0: Iindleko zombane zansuku zonke malunga ne-3.88 € (7.75 kWh × 0.5 € / kWh).
Ugcino oluqikelelweyo kuMyinge wamaKhaya: Iimpompo zoBubushushu vs. Ukufudumeza kweGesi yeNdalo
Ngokusekwe kuqikelelo olubanzi lweshishini kunye neentsingiselo zamaxabiso amandla aseYurophu:
| Into | Ukufudumeza kweGesi yeNdalo | Ukufudumeza Impompo yobushushu | Umahluko woNyaka oqikelelweyo |
| I-Avareji yeeNdleko zaMandla zoNyaka | €1,200–€1,500 | €600–900 € | Ukugcinwa kwe-approx. €300–900 € |
| CO₂ Ukukhutshwa (iitoni/ngonyaka) | Iitoni ezi-3-5 | Iitoni ezi-1-2 | Ukuncitshiswa kwe-approx. Iitoni ezi-2-3 |
Phawula:Olona londolozo luyohluka ngokuxhomekeke kumbane wesizwe kunye namaxabiso erhasi, umgangatho wokugquma kwisakhiwo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwempompo yobushushu. Amazwe afana neJamani, iFransi, kunye ne-Italiyane athanda ukubonisa ukonga okukhulu, ngakumbi xa kukho inkxaso-mali karhulumente.
Hien R290 EocForce Serie 6-16kW Impompo yoBubushushu: iMonobloc yoMoya kwiMpompo yoBubushushu baManzi
Ezona mpawu:
Yonke into-enye Ukusebenza: ukufudumeza, ukupholisa, kunye nemisebenzi yamanzi ashushu asekhaya
Iinketho zeVoltage Flexible: 220–240 V okanye 380–420 V
Uyilo oluHlanganisiweyo:6–16 kW iiyunithi ezixineneyo
I-Eco-Friendly Refrigerant:Ifriji eyi-R290 eluhlaza
I-Whisper-Quiet Operation:40.5 dB(A) kwi-1 m
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla:SCOP Ukuya kuthi ga kwi-5.19
Ubushushu obugqithisileyo: Ukusebenza okuzinzileyo ku- -20 °C
UkuSebenza okuPhakamileyo kwamandla: A+++
Ulawulo lwe-Smart kunye ne-PV-ukulungele
Anti-legionella umsebenzi: Max Outlet Water Temp.75ºC
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-10-2025